Market Entry free essay sample

Value chain outline Business model restructuration Domestic market 1. Analysis 2. Factors of success 4. International expension strategy 1. Management method 2. Analysis 3. Factors of success 5. 6. Value creation Debate   Top quality products Adapted and productive management style Group capacity to restructure and timulate other companies Value chain analysis good partnership Value Chain Outline Business model restructuration Domestic Market International expension strategy Value Creation Debate Value Chain Outline Business model restructuration International expension strategy Domestic Market 1984 1988 Zhang become Manager of Quingdao General Refrigiretor Factory Gold medal for product quality in national competition Value Creation 1989 1991 Chinese market face oversupply Diversification through aquisitions (eg, telecommunication, equipment†¦) Debate Raise the price and move to high quality strategy 1998 Operational restructuring Value Chain Outline Business model restructuration Domestic Market Diversification and internal reorganization ? 7 product divisions ? Glocal strategy: ? 4 Group-wide  « Development Divisions  » International expension strategy Value Creation Debate Value Chain Outline Business model restructuration Domestic Market International expension strategy Value Creation Debate Market share in 2004 Refrigerator Washing Machine Air conditioner 28% 18% 30% other ? ? ? By 2002, they accounted for 61% of industry profits. We will write a custom essay sample on Market Entry or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page From 1989 to 1996, the number of refrigerators producers :100 to 20 3 Chinese manufacturers = 60% of the market ? Kelon is the main competitor Value Chain Outline ? Business model restructuration Domestic Market After the Chinese entry in WTO: ? new entrants (Electrolux, Siemens†¦) ? Refrigerator unit sales: 31% in 2002 vs 26% in 2001 ? Automatic washing machine: 38% in 2002 vs 31% in 2001. ? Before 2000: ? Core profit ? state-owned department stores ? In 2004: ? individual specialized shops/ private retail International expension strategy Value Creation Debate % Haiers sales Domestic Chain International chain Licensed dealers Independent retail shops Government purchases. Management method Market responsiveness: focus on meeting customer needs Good after-sale service: offerings that Chinese customers was not accustomed (free replacement, warranty†¦) Distribution network: one single company (Haier logistics) serving the entire group, good network Be cautious: These points can be learnt, copied and imitated by multinationals International expension strategy Value Creation Debate Value Chain Outline ? ? Business model restructuration Domestic Market International expension strategy Value Creation Debate Key factor for international strategy Focus on market pressure: choose difficult market (eg. US, Europe)  « If we can succeed there we can succeed in easier market  » ? Look for hard challenges ? Focus on Human Resources assets ? Implement a  « local thinking  » ? Hire Local employees Value Chain Outline Business model restructuration Domestic Market International expension strategy Value Creation ? Since 1997: Willpower of a global expansion strategy (3third) ? Joint ventures ? Manufacturer of Liebherr (Germany): 8 top ranking ? 1999: Willpower of Haier to make a brand reputation overseas. Difference with the domestic rival Kelon ? Take example of the successful Japanese and Korean model. % of sales in the US an EU Export from China (% of total revenue) 1998 – 3% 2004 – 17% 1998 3% 2004 8,3% Overseas Made and Sold (% of total revenue) 2002 – 4,6% 2004 – 8,3% 70% of Haier overseas’ revenues come from developed markets Debate Value Chain Outline Business model restructuration Domestic Market.International expension strategy Value Creation Debate Focus on difficult (flat market) and highly competitive markets Penetrate the market with niche products Hire local people Make JV on five continents ? Benefit from existing networks. Pay close attention to market specifications Make  « response speed  » Satisfy customer needs Value Chain Outline Business model restructuration Domestic Market International expension strategy Value Creation Debate Growth leverage Restructuration Differentiation Know How After Sales Management Vision Market responsiveness Distribution Glocal Strategy Value Chain Outline ? ? Business model restructuration Domestic Market International expension strategy How would Haier evolve in order to gain more market share internationally and in their home market?

Japan Council for Sustainable Development

Japan Council for Sustainable Development Free Online Research Papers Even though the small country of Japan only occupies 0.3% of total land area and 2.3 % of our worlds total population, it receives about 20% of the worlds annual shipment carriages. This massive economy is only a recent phenomena brought about in the last 100 years. Although economic growth is good for a country it does bring about problems to the environment. Because of this, and Agenda 21, the Japan Council for Sustainable Development was established. The councils aim is to encourage and facilitate communication between the members concerning major issues of sustainable development. Before the council was even established Japan created the Basic environmental law which is the basis for all of japanese environmental policy. The law has a couple of basics for environmental policy. The enjoyment and succession of environmental blessings, creation of a sustainable society which imposes less burden on the environment, and international cooperation for the conservation of the global environment are three main principles for environmental policy. The National Agenda 21 Action Plan and the Basic Environmental Plan are two proposals devised to help make strong efforts towards effectively implementing and following Agenda 21 in Japan. The Basic Environmental Plan prescribes four long-term objectives which are environmentally-sound material cycle, harmonious coexistence, public participation, and international activities. An environmentally-sound material cycle is fostered by building a socio-economic system where environmental load from human activities is minimized. The relationship between humankind and the diverse wildlife and the natural environment is what Japan strives for to create a harmonious existence. Public Participation is a key to long-term effectiveness of Agenda 21. Participation of all members of a society in environmental conservation activities is major. If the public chooses not to follow the plan then the plan is nothing more than ideas with no actions so it is very important to get the public to agree and participate in environmental conservation. The import-export ratio in Japan is about 8 to 1, which is way higher than any other country. 500 million tons of industrial waste and 50 million tons of house hold wastes are made in Japan. Of the 500 tons of industrial waste 1/3 is recycled while others are incinerated and left to sit in land hills. Because of the huge amounts of wastes that flow into Japan a huge quantity of wastes are also made. Environmental Law in Japan seems to aim Japan in the right direction, but with such massive amounts of wastes produces it is hard to see immediate results. Without all the proposals by Japanese environmental law makers going as planned results will be hard to come by. Research Papers on Japan Council for Sustainable DevelopmentPETSTEL analysis of IndiaRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andDefinition of Export QuotasInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of SelfGenetic EngineeringOpen Architechture a white paperThe Project Managment Office SystemMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever Product

Case Study in B2B Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4250 words

Case Study in B2B Marketing - Essay Example The company TCL has been stated to be quite established which provides its clients with a complete assortment of services related to marketing and advertising. The services entail advertising, website development, online marketing, direct marketing as well as public relations. The client list of the company consists of an extensive variety of companies ranging from furniture retailers, garden centres, local parks with theme and universities. The company is believed to have created a superior reputation for itself in terms of offering a dependable, consistent, proficient and gracious service. It is known to be engaged with the B2B marketing and thus the bulk of its respective business is believed to be attained with the help of reference selling or rather word-of-mouth suggestion. This advertising as well as marketing company has witnessed tough times in its business owing to the economic downturn which is making the company to entail certain required alterations in its marketing plan s for the reason of ensuring its survival in this environment. The marketing mix of the company TCL calls for the requirement of few alterations in order to meet up to the marketing aims ascertained by the company. The effectual and the competent formulation of a fresh or transformed marketing mix would need a lucid comprehension of the present marketing objectives or aims of the company. The company has been made to witness few challenges in terms of its existing business owing the recent economic downturn. The other grave challenge experienced by TCL has been measured to be the exceeding fragmentation of the market. The market in which the company operates has been found to be sectioned and consists of increased amount of small as well as

THE EFFECT OF NATURAL ENVIRONMENT ON RURAL SETTLEMENTS IN MOUNTAINOUS Research Paper

THE EFFECT OF NATURAL ENVIRONMENT ON RURAL SETTLEMENTS IN MOUNTAINOUS REGION - Research Paper Example Nature also influences the activities of these people in that the major vocation is cattle rearing an agro-forestry. The attitudes of the people are also supposed to be affected by the natural surroundings as people have limited expectations from life, which imparts a slower pace to life. Last but not least, the cultural attributes of mountain people is also a reflection of their natural ambience, which imparts color to their visual arts and costumes, adds distinctness to their folk culture and food habits, and also make them a distinct ecologically sensitive civilization. But all these factors also have contributed to mountain people being more vulnerable to the exploitation attempts by outsiders. THE EFFECT OF NATURAL ENVIRONMENT ON RURAL SETTLEMENTS IN MOUNTAINOUS REGION Introduction Nature has a tendency to mold the life of the humans who inhabit it. In history, special traits have been attributed to specific groups of people inhabiting a specific geographical landscape. Natural surroundings of a people have been found to have an impact on their food, clothing, housing, social bonding, economy, culture and attitudes. Thus nature becomes an all-encompassing presence that gives meaning and definition to the lives of humans. It is in this context that the influence of nature on the rural settlements in mountainous regions is investigated here. Architecture It is observed that the typical character in the architecture of mountainous regions is that â€Å"the lack of technology is substituted by creativity and through trial and error in using available materials and basic building structures† (Habitat, 2001, pp.3). This is evident when we find that in mountain areas, people use stones more in constructing their houses because that is the most easily available material around (Habitat, 2001, pp.23). Another feature is that very little mortar is used in bonding the stones used to build the walls, which make them provide very good thermal control (Habitat, 2 001, pp.23). But a negative aspect of such stonewalls is that they prone to easy destruction by natural forces (Habitat, 2001, pp.23). To cope with the â€Å"contour layout† of the land, the houses in mountainous regions are usually arranged in a semicircular design (Habitat, 2001, pp.8). Mud brick or brick are used in construction because mud is the cheapest building material available (Habitat, 2001, pp.8). A house using these materials is also conducive for the cool climate of mountainous areas. By placing the houses along the valleys, the damage from wind is minimized and also more sunlight falls on the houses so that people can cope with the cool climate (Habitat, 2001, pp.10). In the study conducted by Habitat (2001) in Northern Iraq, it was found that houses were constructed facing southwards so that they get maximum sunlight (pp.10). The contour design is also useful in preventing landslides and allowing drainage of excess water during rains (Habitat, 2001, pp.12). Th is design, which is defined as â€Å"housing aggregation† becomes necessary also because such a structure is more convenient to defend, when there is an outside threat (Habitat, 2001, pp.10). The Kurdistan province of North West Iran is another example of a mountainous dwelling place (Bahrami,

The Impact of Digital TV on audiences and TV companies Essay Example for Free

The Impact of Digital TV on audiences and TV companies Essay Fifty years ago, TV was the new thing that would enhance our lives. Even up to this day, we still captivate ourselves to this evolving culture which has had such an impact to us. Just imagine if one of the worlds greatest events would not have been shown in TV (imagine people across America not watching the twin towers fall-what impact would it have on other people?). But these recent times, the advent of Digital Television is another step towards the progression of television itself. It opens a whole window of possibilities- more channels, more choices, better interactivity. Even the television companies itself will be given a new challenge by introducing this new technology to its current and future customers. It is up to them however to find the gap in the market to gain full advantage of Digital TV. When there is progression, so will be regression. Digital TV will not just catch on and be the next best thing instantly. There will be some people who will oppose to the idea and the companies will try and fight over viewing rights of channels. A recent Ofcom report said more than 60% of UK households now receive digital TV. With a digital switchover planned to take place from 2008-2012, should the government say yay or nay? Let us imagine ourselves when the digital switchover has taken place. What are the advantages and disadvantages of each? First off, let us discuss the advantages of digital TV. It has a great appeal to the majority of people. Even though the cost of gaining access to one is still expensive experts say that the price of present digital subscriptions and hardware will drop dramatically after a few years. However, the cheapest free view set-top-box presently is as low as à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½25.00. Another advantage is that digital TV could allow the audience to pause record their programmes without the use of tapes. It is also said to be quicker and simpler process than the old VCR. In line with digital TV, the actual television set is changing. There are now ones that are called HDTV (high definition TV). This technology coupled with digital TV provides us with high quality video and sound that is dramatically noticeable. In more simple terms, pictures and sound will have more consistency and less interference. Digital TV has also embraced the convergence of interactivity. Extra information and interactive features now accompany most programmes. Compared to analogue TVs teletext, digital TVs interactivity takes it to a new level. It is more user-friendly and makes the viewer more involved. There is even an electronic programme guide which gives you far more information about programmes content. This hands-on approach is what makes digital TV unique. Of course, these advantages over the audiences equate to the benefits that companies and the government get. At the moment, there are 3 main ways to go digital: Satellite (SKY, Canal +, RAI, etc.), Cable (NTL and Telewest) and Freeview. At the moment, Satellite access is ahead in terms of market share with 7.1 million subscribers (Sky subscribers), followed by 3.9 million homes supplied by freeview and 2.5 million subscribers get their digital TV through cable. These statistics suggest that competition is fierce at the moment. It said up to 1.5 million boxes had been sold in the lead-up to Christmas, with 190,000 sold in each of the two weeks before the holidays. There might be fierce competition, but this is deemed to be a healthy competition. There will be a time when existing sales are starting to tail off. The introduction of the switch off will be a seizing opportunity for them to increase their sales. These opportunities are enhanced services-which adds value to a subscription (or in the case of freeviews, a sharp increase in set-top boxes and HDTVs-which is already happening). Recently, Sky has recently offered a new free satellite service called Sky FreeSat. It allows access to 140 non-subscription channels for a one-off fee. Even the likes of BBC and ITV are to launch a free-to-view satellite TV service to cater for viewers unable to receive Freeview digital coverage-and to rival the monopoly that Sky has. Also, in line with the HDTV technology, the BBC aims to produce 100% HD programmes by 2010. The government will also have some advantages over the switch off. When all the analogue signals have been switched off, those signals could be sold to telephone, communications or aerospace companies to make use of the cleaned up space. The countrys image is also on the line. It essentially propels the country into the digital age in order to gain a more competitive advantage. Furthermore, there are more opportunities for a better efficiency of the operation of government services reducing costs and keeping down taxes. I have used the word majority because there are people who are not in full favour of digital TV. There are also drawbacks for the companies and the government. Digital is an all or nothing technology. The pictures are either crystal clear or absent. In heavy rain or snow an analogue signal might give a grainy but watchable picture. Digital signals are more robust and will tolerate a high level of interference but, when conditions become too bad, both the picture and the sound will vanish. In addition, because all the work is done by an internal computer, it sometimes makes mistakes and the picture can disappear in a maze of coloured squares or simply freeze on the screen. However, this trade off between pictures which might always be grainy and crystal-clear pictures which occasionally disappear will be preferable to most people. Digital provides just one channel from the set top box at a time (the same as existing satellite TV receivers). You cant watch one digital channel and record another unless you: 1. Have more than one set top box 2. Keep your existing analogue satellite receiver 3. Continue to use analogue terrestrial TV (as long as the transmissions last about 5 10 years is anticipated) In a survey, when asked to identify the disadvantages of digital television, a third (32%) state that it is too expensive, 9% that you have to pay for a subscription, and 8% that there are too many channels and choice. Also, the 40% who do not have digital television yet will discover that the present cost of service is not attainable in their opinion. Of course, without the funding that the BBC get from the TV license lowered, they would obviously look to increase the cost threefold. The increase in the number of channels isnt without disadvantages. For viewers, the absence of original programming can lead to a feeling of nothing being on across hundreds of channels. Event programmes are also under threat; virtually gone are the days when 30 million people tuned into the same programme. For channel owners selling advertising time is increasingly difficult. Niche broadcasters may be advantageous in terms of reaching a specific target audience but many have official audience shares of 0%. There was even a study made by Dr Jeremy Klein claiming that Millions of people are not using digital TV because they find it too confusing. He says that Elderly and short-sighted people find it laborious and demanding changing channels. It is said that two million people are affected by this problem. As a result, the elderly and people with low-income will be put off with this news. They feel that it will be better to stick with the old and what they are used to. Companies are also having trouble with the changes.

G.C.S.E English and English Literature Coursework Poetry Assignment Ess

G.C.S.E English and English Literature Coursework Poetry Assignment We have been set the task to compare the ways in which the poems I have studied deal with the passing of time. The three poems are â€Å"To his Coy Mistress†, â€Å"Ozymandias† and â€Å"To the Virgins to Make Much of Time†. All three of the poems clearly deal with the passing of time in different ways. â€Å"To his Coy Mistress† is about a man telling a woman that if he had all the time in the world, he would spend it with her. In the â€Å"To the Virgins to Make Much of Time† a man is trying to persuade a woman to make much of her youth with the time she is given. â€Å"Ozymandias† is about time in a different way by saying no tyranny can beat time like the statue in the poem. This poem is different to â€Å"To his Coy Mistress† and â€Å"To the Virgins to Make Much of Time†. It’s not about love or anything else to do with the other poems but the passing of time. In the â€Å"To his Coy Mistress† by Andrew Marvell the poet wants to persuade his coy mistress to have a fiscal relationship with him. Marvell splits the poem into three different stanzas, each one with a different purpose. The first stanza is an introduction, Marvell speaks about what he wants to do with the Mistress, he speaks about time, and how it is not on their side. The second stanza introduces that time is their enemy; he uses fear in this section to try and persuade her. And in the final section he changes the person in which he writes in he now talks about 'we', he speaks about how when the couple are together they can tackle the problem of time. This is very well thought out because it is clear what he wants, he splits up the stanzas effectively and makes the whole picture clear in your head, and this is a... ...o are about someone who has most of hers yet to come. However they use different tactics to show the passage of time to the reader, and explore how time lasts as long as a person does. The poets both use day tones to help them convey this, they are day the time that has or will pass. In Ozymandias the day is for something that was once hugely impressive but over time has deteriorated into nothing, whilst in the other two poems the mourning is for something that over time to come will lapse into nothingness – person’s life. I thought that â€Å"Ozymandias† was the most appealing. I think this because it’s different to the other two poems and sometimes different is better. It shows use that even if something is hugely impressive, over time it will deteriorate into nothing. I think it shows this in a very effective way and could appeal to many different people.

Karl Marx Philosophy Essay

Karl Marx is regarded as one of the greatest philosophers of the 19th century. He was born and raised in Prussia and got influenced by Ludwig Feuerbach amongst other radical Hegelians. Though he subscribed to the Hegelian belief regarding the dialectical structure and the historical inevitability, Karl Marx believed that the fundamental reality was to be found in the material base of the economy as opposed to the conceptual ideal found in philosophy. Marx graduated with a doctoral degree at Jena in the year 1841 after writing about the materialism and atheism of Greek atomists. He later moved to Koln where he established a radical newspaper known as Rheinische Zeitung becoming its editor. He later moved to France and Belgium where he practiced some journalism before he finally settled in England in the year 1849 (Kemerling, para 1). Here he lived in poor conditions and engaged in the study and development of his theories that cut across politics and economy. Karl Marx was of the belief that philosophy should be practical in order to change the world. This paper shall discuss the philosophical works of Karl Marx and how his work was regarded in the capitalistic society of the time. Karl Marx’s Philosophy Karl Marx’s work was primarily based on the economy. In his work that was published in 1844 entitled ‘Economic and Political Manuscripts of 1844’, Marx presents an argument that the circumstances of the current industrial societies usually leads to workers being alienated from their own labor. He reviewed a book by Bruno Baier, ‘On the Jewish Question’ and concluded that religion had great influence on the political situation in Europe at the time. He was of the view that Europe needed restructuring that could only be brought about through revolutionary activities. Marx went further to elaborate on his economic theories in subsequent works that included the ‘Capital’ of 1867-95 and ‘Theory of surplus value’ of 1862 (Kemerling, para 2). Karl Marx in conjunction with his colleague Friedrich Engels published their work entitled ‘The Communist Manifesto’ in the year 1848 which was aimed at initiating social revolution. In this work, the two focused on the struggles that are experienced between the social classes of the proletariats and bourgeoisies. It also elaborates on the distinction between the communism and other forms of socialist movements. This piece of work also proposes the various social reforms and encourages the laborers to revolt against the incumbent regimes (Kemerling, para 3). Karl Marx and the Historical Materialism Karl Marx’s take on the historical materialism was greatly influenced by Hegel’s argument that human history should be viewed based on the dialectical aspect. Karl Marx developed a link between the Hegelian dialect and the materialism of his time. To Marx, human history was influenced by economics. He argued that from the beginning of times, humans have never been motivated by ideologies but instead, they have usually been motivated by material concerns. This includes the need to eat and to continue to exist. This forms the basis for the historical materialism as propounded by Marx (Tucker, p 12). Marx observes that, initially humans used to work together and in unity, however, the development of agriculture and the issue of private property ownership spoilt the collective style of living. Agriculture and private ownership of property gave rise to the division of labor and differentiation in the society leading to different classes that were based on power and wealth. Eventually, all this led to social conflicts which are characterizing the capitalistic society in which we live (Tucker, p 15). Capitalism has worsened the situation by increasing the disparities between the haves and have-nots. Karl Marx postulated that the class struggles are inevitable given the historical forces which can not be controlled by individuals. He also claimed that capitalism came up with a new misery which he termed as â€Å"exploitation of surplus value† (German, para 18). Marx agitated for an economy that would involve the exchanging of value in commensurate measures. In this regard, Marx argued that the value of the laborers could be determined simply by their labor input in production of goods and services. Capitalism was seen as exploitative as it driven by profit motives and Marx argued that the profits originate from the surplus value that is produced by the laborers. Capitalism therefore was seen as having the desire to produce an unbalanced exchange system where they exchange less for greater value (Tucker, p 25). The communist manifesto This was compiled following a combined effort of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels and published in 1848. The Communist Manifesto is regarded as one of the most influential political work to have ever been published. The writing of the Manifesto was commissioned by the Communist League and written by the two respected figures Marx and Engels and it provided the League with purpose and program of their duties. In this work, analysis of class struggles and problems associated with capitalism are well elaborated (German, para 6). The manifesto explains that historically, human society has been characterized by class struggles. These struggles become essential in determining the reorganization of work and way of life in general through a revolutionary means. In their view, Marx and Engels observed that in case the struggles fail to have a breakthrough, then the society is doomed to slide backwards instead of leaping forward. Historically, the society had been shaped with such struggles as observed in England in 1640s and France in the late 18th century where the bourgeoisies prevailed over feudalism. Engels and Marx theorized that the bourgeoisie’s revolutions were to spread in other parts of Europe hence ushering in a rapid growth in the forces of production. In return, there will be rapid growth of the working class which will in turn precipitate the proletariat revolution (Marx, Engels & Jones, p 45). Karl Marx and Engels believed that capitalism was in the process of establishing itself and causing destruction to the feudalism that had preceded it. The two believed that capitalism would later create the prerequisite conditions for the establishment of socialism. They believed that this was going to happen since capitalism was aimed at creating mass production and a revolutionary working class. The Communist Manifesto provides a sketch of capitalism development which is marked by the rise of towns during the Middle Ages, voyages that gave rise to merchant capitalism, and the growth of manufacturing sector that was meant to address the new market demands (Marx, Engels & Jones, p 48). The working class is described by Karl Marx and Engels as those who do not own the means of production. They thus earn their living through laboring for those with the means of production. They become enslaved to the machinery and their lives are dominated by exploitative processes. The workers then shall become collectively organized through trade unions and political organizations. The perennial struggle between the classes leads to solidarity and Marx and Engels believe that this class is the sure revolutionary class based on the position they occupy in the workplace. Since they hold the potential to run the production of wealth in the society, the working class is seen to be potential leaders of the revolution. The revolution that Marx and Engels anticipated was to result in a classless society as opposed to the previous revolutions that had only managed to lead to ruling classes being replaced by a small group of individuals. The revolution by the working class would abolish the stratified society to emancipate all the dispossessed (German, para 11). Conclusion According to Marx, individuals are born into the world in which they do not have much control. They are supposed to follow the conventional rules like everyone else. He however proposed a breakthrough to the predetermined nature of life by offering an alternative in the name of communism. Marx called for the overthrow of the bourgeoisies through the revolutionary activities of the proletariats or the laborers. The working class was called upon to unite and revolt against what he termed as oppressive capitalist regime. However, it can be argued that this utopian view of society was unachievable since naturally, the human society gets divided into the leaders and the followers. Even if the working class was to overthrow the bourgeoisie, there was going to be very little change in the social structuring contrary to what Karl Marx had believed. The laborers are bound to categorize themselves into different groups and the exploitation would continue to be felt amongst the different classes. Nevertheless, Karl Marx gave us a political philosophy which would later contribute immensely to the shaping of the world politics as communism remains a significant force in world politics. Work Cited German, Lindsey. Reflections on the Communist Manifesto. Retrieved on 6th May 2010 from; http://pubs. socialistreviewindex. org. uk/isj79/german. htm. Kemerling, Garth. Karl Marx (1818-1883). 2006. Retrieved on 6th May 2010 from; http://www. philosophypages. com/ph/marx. htm. Marx, Karl; Friedrich Engels & Gareth Stedman Jones. The communist manifesto. 2002. London: Penguin. Tucker, Robert C. Philosophy & myth in Karl Marx. 2000. New Brunswick, N. J. : Transaction.